American Religious Culture

美国是一个宗教色彩浓厚的发达国家,其宗教多元化与移民问题有密切关系,宗教信仰已成为美国文化和历史不可分割的组成部分,这种多元宗教文化的传统对美国的社会生活产生了深刻影响。USA is a developed country with rich religious colors and its multi-religious features are closely connected with its immigrants. Religious beliefs are an inseparable part of American culture and history. This deep-rooted multi-religious culture has exerted great influence on American lives.

一、美国的宗教文化背 America's religious and cultural background

美国向以“民族熔炉”和“宗教联合国”著称。

America is famous as an "Ethnic melting pot" and "religious United Nations". 美国人大部分是17和18世纪欧洲移民的后裔,另外,还从拉丁美洲、亚洲、澳洲、非洲甚至加拿大涌入了大量移民。移民们持续稳定地涌入美国,带来了他们本国的文化和传统,从而使美国社会变得丰富多彩,也对美国多元文化的形成产生了深远的影响。Americans are mostly descendants of European immigrants of 17 and 18th Century. In addition to there are also a large number of

immigrants from Latin America, Asia, Australia, Africa and Canada. The

steady influx of immigrants brought their own culture and traditions to America. They make the American society rich and colorful and even impact far-

reaching influence on the formation of America’s multicultural.

多元文化的沃土滋养出了多元宗教文化。反之,宗教又在美洲殖民地的建立、早期美国人的生活和政治,以及美国的创建上起到巨大的作用,在美国历史上书写了重重的一笔。Multicultural nourishes the multi-religious culture. On the

contrary, religion played an important role on the establishment of The

American colonies, the early American life and politics and the creation of the United States of America.

二、宗教文化与美国人的社会生活 Religious culture and American social life 美国学者威尔 赫伯格认为，在所有工业国家中，美国最坚持政教分离，但又是宗教情绪最为强烈的西方国家。American scholar Will Herberg thinks that, America insists on the separation of religion from politics (政教分离)mostly, but it is the most intense in religious emotion in all industrial countries.

正如美国著名神学家尼布尔说的那样，美国“是世界上最世俗的国家，也是宗教性最强的国家。”As the famous American theologian Niebuhr （美国神学