高中英语议论文写作专题

高中作文写作:议论文

议论文的三要素

论点,论据和论证是议论文的三要素,论点是作者对所论问题所持的见解和主张;论据是用来证明论点的事实和道理的根据;论证就是用论据来证明论点的方法和过程。一般来说,议论文每段应有主题句(topic sentence)来确定论点。文章结尾往往提出自己的看法、意见或建议,表示对某一现象或论点的赞成或反对。论证有立论和驳论两种,作者证明自己的论点正确,是立论;反之,证明别人的论点错误,是驳论。

议论文的注意事项

1. 论点要鲜明,不可含糊其辞;论据要充分,要能充分证明观点的命题性,论据过程要条理清晰。

2. 文章安排逻辑性要强,推理要严密。

3. 重在说理,以理服人。

4. 主要使用现在时态。

5. 中学英语书面表达所要求的议论文,是一种限定性的写作,其论点、论据和论证都比较明确,有的文章提出问题,如: 为什么?/ 怎么办?/ 该采取什么措施?考生可以结合题目要求阐述相关的观点,切忌随意发挥。 ★议论文模板

一、正反观点式议论文模板

导入:第1段:

Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should…(导入话题)

Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)

正文:

第2段:Most of the students are in favor of it.(正方观点)

Here are the reasons. First… Second…Finally…(列出2~3个赞成的理由)

第3段:

However, the others are strongly against it.(反方观点)

Their reasons are as follows. In the first place… What’s more… In addition…(列出2~3个反对的理由)

结论:第4段:

Personally speaking ,the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more good than harm, so I support it (个人观点)

二、“A”或者“B”类议论文模板:

导入:第1段

Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages. 正文:第2段

There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that… Another reason is that… (赞同A的原因)

第3段:

All these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that A is superior to B in many ways.…(得出结论)

三、观点论述类议论文模板:

导入:第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题

As a student, I am strongly in favor of the decision. (亮明自已的观点是赞成还是反对) The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下)

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